Photovoltaic panels by Jumao Photonics

The Jumao Photonics JMP-180W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 180W. The maximum current is 4.89A, with a voltage of 36.7V. The panel shows resilience with 4.92A short circuit current and 43.8V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-050W-M5-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 50W. The maximum current is 2.9A, with a voltage of 17.3V. The panel shows resilience with 3.2A short circuit current and 21.7V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-080W-M5-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 80W. The maximum current is 4.5A, with a voltage of 18V. The panel shows resilience with 4.9A short circuit current and 22V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-160W-M5-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 160W. The maximum current is 4.5A, with a voltage of 36V. The panel shows resilience with 4.9A short circuit current and 44V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-040W-M5-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 40W. The maximum current is 2.2A, with a voltage of 18V. The panel shows resilience with 2.4A short circuit current and 22V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-010W-M5-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 10W. The maximum current is 0.58A, with a voltage of 17.3V. The panel shows resilience with 0.64A short circuit current and 21.7V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-2.5W-M5-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 3W. The maximum current is 0.14A, with a voltage of 17.3V. The panel shows resilience with 0.16A short circuit current and 21.7V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-020W-M5-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 20W. The maximum current is 1.16A, with a voltage of 17.3V. The panel shows resilience with 1.2A short circuit current and 21.7V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-005W-M5-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 5W. The maximum current is 0.29A, with a voltage of 17.3V. The panel shows resilience with 0.32A short circuit current and 21.7V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-004W-M5-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 4W. The maximum current is 0.24A, with a voltage of 17.3V. The panel shows resilience with 0.27A short circuit current and 21.7V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-008W-M5-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 8W. The maximum current is 0.48A, with a voltage of 17.3V. The panel shows resilience with 0.54A short circuit current and 21.7V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-025W-M5-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 25W. The maximum current is 1.45A, with a voltage of 17.3V. The panel shows resilience with 1.6099999999999999A short circuit current and 21.7V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-235W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 235W. The maximum current is 7.66A, with a voltage of 30.78V. The panel shows resilience with 8.17A short circuit current and 36.78V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-285W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 285W. The maximum current is 7.71A, with a voltage of 37.01V. The panel shows resilience with 8.22A short circuit current and 44.24V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-255W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 255W. The maximum current is 8.04A, with a voltage of 31.8V. The panel shows resilience with 8.55A short circuit current and 37.62V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-305W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 305W. The maximum current is 8.03A, with a voltage of 38.02V. The panel shows resilience with 8.54A short circuit current and 45.18V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-90W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 90W. The maximum current is 4.97A, with a voltage of 18.11V. The panel shows resilience with 5.29A short circuit current and 21.96V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-65W-P6-L photovoltaic panel offers a power of 65W. The maximum current is 3.66A, with a voltage of 17.75V. The panel shows resilience with 3.91A short circuit current and 21.92V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-240W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 240W. The maximum current is 7.79A, with a voltage of 30.81V. The panel shows resilience with 8.28A short circuit current and 37.14V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-290W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 290W. The maximum current is 7.79A, with a voltage of 37.26V. The panel shows resilience with 8.29A short circuit current and 44.6V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-260W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 260W. The maximum current is 8.13A, with a voltage of 31.99V. The panel shows resilience with 8.62A short circuit current and 37.77V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-310W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 310W. The maximum current is 8.1A, with a voltage of 38.3V. The panel shows resilience with 8.61A short circuit current and 45.32V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-100W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 100W. The maximum current is 5.36A, with a voltage of 18.68V. The panel shows resilience with 5.68A short circuit current and 22.54V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-245W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 245W. The maximum current is 7.87A, with a voltage of 31.2V. The panel shows resilience with 8.36A short circuit current and 37.32V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-70W-P6-L photovoltaic panel offers a power of 70W. The maximum current is 3.77A, with a voltage of 18.58V. The panel shows resilience with 4.05A short circuit current and 22.36V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-190W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 190W. The maximum current is 7.49A, with a voltage of 25.5V. The panel shows resilience with 8.24A short circuit current and 30.05V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-240W-M6-G black photovoltaic panel offers a power of 240W. The maximum current is 7.78A, with a voltage of 30.84V. The panel shows resilience with 8.37A short circuit current and 37.38V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-230W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 230W. The maximum current is 7.54A, with a voltage of 30.62V. The panel shows resilience with 8.09A short circuit current and 36.66V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-2.5W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 3W. The maximum current is 0.14A, with a voltage of 17.39V. The panel shows resilience with 0.16A short circuit current and 20.06V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-280W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 280W. The maximum current is 7.62A, with a voltage of 36.86V. The panel shows resilience with 8.13A short circuit current and 44.06V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-120W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 120W. The maximum current is 6.93A, with a voltage of 17.39V. The panel shows resilience with 7.62A short circuit current and 21.6V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-250W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 250W. The maximum current is 7.9399999999999995A, with a voltage of 31.49V. The panel shows resilience with 8.48A short circuit current and 37.59V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-300W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 300W. The maximum current is 7.96A, with a voltage of 37.69V. The panel shows resilience with 8.49A short circuit current and 45.07V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-70W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 70W. The maximum current is 3.77A, with a voltage of 18.58V. The panel shows resilience with 4.05A short circuit current and 22.36V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-40W-P6-L photovoltaic panel offers a power of 40W. The maximum current is 2.31A, with a voltage of 17.39V. The panel shows resilience with 2.54A short circuit current and 21.6V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-195W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 195W. The maximum current is 7.55A, with a voltage of 25.85V. The panel shows resilience with 8.15A short circuit current and 31.1V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-235W-P6-G black photovoltaic panel offers a power of 235W. The maximum current is 7.66A, with a voltage of 30.78V. The panel shows resilience with 8.17A short circuit current and 36.78V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-205W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 205W. The maximum current is 7.82A, with a voltage of 26.22V. The panel shows resilience with 8.39A short circuit current and 31.23V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-255W-M6-G black photovoltaic panel offers a power of 255W. The maximum current is 8.04A, with a voltage of 31.8V. The panel shows resilience with 8.55A short circuit current and 37.62V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-20W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 20W. The maximum current is 1.16A, with a voltage of 17.39V. The panel shows resilience with 1.27A short circuit current and 21.6V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-200W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 200W. The maximum current is 7.71A, with a voltage of 25.95V. The panel shows resilience with 8.23A short circuit current and 31.2V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-5W-P6-L photovoltaic panel offers a power of 5W. The maximum current is 0.29A, with a voltage of 17.39V. The panel shows resilience with 0.32A short circuit current and 21.6V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-240W-P6-G black photovoltaic panel offers a power of 240W. The maximum current is 7.79A, with a voltage of 30.81V. The panel shows resilience with 8.28A short circuit current and 37.14V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-210W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 210W. The maximum current is 7.96A, with a voltage of 26.42V. The panel shows resilience with 8.44A short circuit current and 31.3V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-260W-M6-G black photovoltaic panel offers a power of 260W. The maximum current is 8.13A, with a voltage of 31.99V. The panel shows resilience with 8.62A short circuit current and 37.77V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-250W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 250W. The maximum current is 7.96A, with a voltage of 31.41V. The panel shows resilience with 8.45A short circuit current and 37.53V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-30W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 30W. The maximum current is 1.73A, with a voltage of 17.39V. The panel shows resilience with 1.9100000000000001A short circuit current and 21.6V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-195W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 195W. The maximum current is 7.61A, with a voltage of 25.62V. The panel shows resilience with 8.29A short circuit current and 31.1V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-10W-P6-L photovoltaic panel offers a power of 10W. The maximum current is 0.58A, with a voltage of 17.39V. The panel shows resilience with 0.64A short circuit current and 21.6V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-245W-M6-G black photovoltaic panel offers a power of 245W. The maximum current is 7.86A, with a voltage of 31.2V. The panel shows resilience with 8.42A short circuit current and 37.44V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-210W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 210W. The maximum current is 7.98A, with a voltage of 26.35V. The panel shows resilience with 8.37A short circuit current and 31.35V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-5W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 5W. The maximum current is 0.29A, with a voltage of 17.39V. The panel shows resilience with 0.32A short circuit current and 21.6V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-250W-P6-G black photovoltaic panel offers a power of 250W. The maximum current is 7.96A, with a voltage of 31.41V. The panel shows resilience with 8.45A short circuit current and 37.53V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-130W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 130W. The maximum current is 7.3A, with a voltage of 17.71V. The panel shows resilience with 7.8A short circuit current and 21.89V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-245W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 245W. The maximum current is 7.86A, with a voltage of 31.2V. The panel shows resilience with 8.42A short circuit current and 37.44V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-295W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 295W. The maximum current is 7.88A, with a voltage of 37.48V. The panel shows resilience with 8.43A short circuit current and 45V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-190W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 190W. The maximum current is 7.45A, with a voltage of 25.55V. The panel shows resilience with 8.02A short circuit current and 30.85V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-65W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 65W. The maximum current is 3.66A, with a voltage of 17.75V. The panel shows resilience with 3.91A short circuit current and 21.92V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-230W-P6-G black photovoltaic panel offers a power of 230W. The maximum current is 7.54A, with a voltage of 30.62V. The panel shows resilience with 8.09A short circuit current and 36.66V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-30W-P6-L photovoltaic panel offers a power of 30W. The maximum current is 1.73A, with a voltage of 17.39V. The panel shows resilience with 1.9100000000000001A short circuit current and 21.6V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-200W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 200W. The maximum current is 7.72A, with a voltage of 25.9V. The panel shows resilience with 8.35A short circuit current and 31.15V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-250W-M6-G black photovoltaic panel offers a power of 250W. The maximum current is 7.9399999999999995A, with a voltage of 31.49V. The panel shows resilience with 8.48A short circuit current and 37.59V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-10W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 10W. The maximum current is 0.58A, with a voltage of 17.39V. The panel shows resilience with 0.64A short circuit current and 21.6V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-140W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 140W. The maximum current is 7.54A, with a voltage of 18.57V. The panel shows resilience with 8.1A short circuit current and 22.35V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-205W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 205W. The maximum current is 7.86A, with a voltage of 26.09V. The panel shows resilience with 8.31A short circuit current and 31.28V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-245W-P6-G black photovoltaic panel offers a power of 245W. The maximum current is 7.87A, with a voltage of 31.2V. The panel shows resilience with 8.36A short circuit current and 37.32V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-240W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 240W. The maximum current is 7.78A, with a voltage of 30.84V. The panel shows resilience with 8.37A short circuit current and 37.38V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-290W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 290W. The maximum current is 7.82A, with a voltage of 37.13V. The panel shows resilience with 8.36A short circuit current and 44.86V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-40W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 40W. The maximum current is 2.31A, with a voltage of 17.39V. The panel shows resilience with 2.54A short circuit current and 21.6V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-20W-P6-L photovoltaic panel offers a power of 20W. The maximum current is 1.16A, with a voltage of 17.39V. The panel shows resilience with 1.27A short circuit current and 21.6V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-260W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 260W. The maximum current is 8.46A, with a voltage of 30.74V. The panel shows resilience with 8.98A short circuit current and 37.93V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-265W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 265W. The maximum current is 8.5A, with a voltage of 31.17V. The panel shows resilience with 9.06A short circuit current and 38.2V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-315W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 315W. The maximum current is 8.21A, with a voltage of 38.37V. The panel shows resilience with 8.77A short circuit current and 45.74V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-325W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 325W. The maximum current is 8.56A, with a voltage of 37.97V. The panel shows resilience with 8.96A short circuit current and 46.01V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-245W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 245W. The maximum current is 7.87A, with a voltage of 31.2V. The panel shows resilience with 8.36A short circuit current and 37.32V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-275W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 275W. The maximum current is 8.61A, with a voltage of 31.95V. The panel shows resilience with 9.19A short circuit current and 38.67V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-335W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 335W. The maximum current is 8.64A, with a voltage of 38.78V. The panel shows resilience with 9.25A short circuit current and 46.92V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-130W-TF photovoltaic panel offers a power of 130W. The maximum current is 2.82A, with a voltage of 46.1V. The panel shows resilience with 3.41A short circuit current and 60.4V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-305W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 305W. The maximum current is 8.08A, with a voltage of 37.76V. The panel shows resilience with 8.63A short circuit current and 45.29V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-240W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 240W. The maximum current is 7.79A, with a voltage of 30.81V. The panel shows resilience with 8.28A short circuit current and 37.14V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-270W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 270W. The maximum current is 8.56A, with a voltage of 31.56V. The panel shows resilience with 9.12A short circuit current and 38.46V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-330W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 330W. The maximum current is 8.6A, with a voltage of 38.38V. The panel shows resilience with 9.19A short circuit current and 46.41V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-260W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 260W. The maximum current is 8.17A, with a voltage of 31.83V. The panel shows resilience with 8.72A short circuit current and 37.98V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-295W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 295W. The maximum current is 7.87A, with a voltage of 37.48V. The panel shows resilience with 8.38A short circuit current and 44.82V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-250W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 250W. The maximum current is 7.96A, with a voltage of 31.41V. The panel shows resilience with 8.45A short circuit current and 37.53V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-280W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 280W. The maximum current is 8.64A, with a voltage of 32.4V. The panel shows resilience with 9.26A short circuit current and 38.94V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-340W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 340W. The maximum current is 8.66A, with a voltage of 39.24V. The panel shows resilience with 9.31A short circuit current and 46.98V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-125W-TF photovoltaic panel offers a power of 125W. The maximum current is 2.75A, with a voltage of 45.5V. The panel shows resilience with 3.37A short circuit current and 59.7V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-300W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 300W. The maximum current is 7.96A, with a voltage of 37.73V. The panel shows resilience with 8.44A short circuit current and 45V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-255W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 255W. The maximum current is 8.08A, with a voltage of 31.56V. The panel shows resilience with 8.63A short circuit current and 37.74V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-285W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 285W. The maximum current is 8.68A, with a voltage of 32.82V. The panel shows resilience with 9.33A short circuit current and 39.24V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-345W-M6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 345W. The maximum current is 8.7A, with a voltage of 39.67V. The panel shows resilience with 9.38A short circuit current and 47.3V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JM-135W-TF photovoltaic panel offers a power of 135W. The maximum current is 2.87A, with a voltage of 47V. The panel shows resilience with 3.41A short circuit current and 61.3V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.

The Jumao Photonics JMP-310W-P6-G photovoltaic panel offers a power of 310W. The maximum current is 8.14A, with a voltage of 38.09V. The panel shows resilience with 8.7A short circuit current and 45.51V open circuit voltage, indicators of safety in adverse conditions.